AI and the Limit of Consciousness

Michael Pollan, in his new book "A World Appears", addresses a central theme in the debate about artificial intelligence: the possibility that machines will develop true consciousness. His thesis is that, despite the progress made, AI will always remain distinct from the human person.

Pollan argues that AI can simulate cognitive processes, process information, and even generate creative output, but it lacks the subjectivity, the internal experience that defines consciousness. In other words, AI can mimic intelligence, but it cannot replicate self-awareness.

This raises fundamental questions about the future of AI and its role in society. If machines cannot be conscious, what are the ethical limits of their use? And how can we ensure that AI is used responsibly and in the service of humanity?